Family of beetles
Hydroscaphidae
Temporal range: Aptian–Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N |
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Hydroscapha natans |
Scientific classification |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Coleoptera |
Suborder: | Myxophaga |
Superfamily: | Sphaeriusoidea |
Family: | Hydroscaphidae LeConte, 1874 |
Genera |
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The Hydroscaphidae are a small family of water beetles known commonly as skiff beetles.[1] As of 2010, there are 23 species in the family.[2] Several are recently described.
These beetles are small, most under 2 mm (0.079 in) in length. They are tan to brown in color and the elytra are abbreviated, leaving several tapering tergites of the abdomen exposed. The wings are fringed with long setae. The larvae are fusiform, with a wide thorax and a narrowing abdomen.[2]
Hydroscaphidae live on mats of algae with a thin layer of running water. This may be the accumulated algae lining the very edge of a stream of water.[3] They tolerate a wide range of temperatures; they have been observed in hot springs and in icy snowmelt. The algae are their food source.[2]
The reproductive cycle is not well known. In at least one species, the female lays a single large egg on the algal mat.[2]
Hydroscaphid species have been reported from every continent except Antarctica.
Genera:[4]
References
- ^ Cai, C.; et al. (2012). "The first skiff beetle (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Hydroscaphidae) from Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota". Journal of Paleontology. 86 (1): 116–9. Bibcode:2012JPal...86..116C. doi:10.1666/11-050.1.
- ^ a b c d Falamarzi, S.; et al. (2010). "Confirmed occurrence of Hydroscapha granulum in Iran, with notes on its biology (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Hydroscaphidae)" (PDF). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae. 50: 97–106.
- ^ Fikáček, M.; Šípková, H. (2009). "New Asian Hydroscapha, with comments on male-female association of co-occurring species (Coleoptera, Myxophaga, Hydroscaphidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2286: 31–48. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2286.1.2.
- ^ Beutel, R G.; Haas, A. (1998). "Larval head morphology of Hydroscapha natans (Coleoptera, Myxophaga) with reference to miniaturization and the systematic position of Hydroscaphidae.]". Zoomorphology. 118 (2): 103–116. doi:10.1007/s004350050061.
- ^ "Confossa minima Short, Joly, Garcia, Wild, Bloom & Maddison, 2015, new species - Plazi TreatmentBank". treatment.plazi.org. Retrieved 2024-01-06.
Further reading
- Hall, W. Eugene (2001). "4. Hydroscaphidae LeContre, 1874". In Arnett, Ross H. Jr.; Thomas, Michael C. (eds.). American Beetles, Volume I: Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC Press. pp. 27–29. ISBN 978-1-4822-7432-5.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hydroscaphidae.
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- Crowsoniellidae (Crowsoniella relicta)
- Cupedidae (reticulated beetles)
- Jurodidae (Sikhotealinia zhiltzovae)
- Micromalthidae
- Ommatidae
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Extant families | - Amphizoidae (trout-stream beetles)
- Aspidytidae
- Carabidae (ground beetles)
- Cicindelidae (tiger beetles)
- Dytiscidae (predaceous diving beetles)
- Gyrinidae (whirligig beetles)
- Haliplidae (crawling water beetles)
- Hygrobiidae
- Meruidae (Meru phyllisae)
- Noteridae (burrowing water beetles)
- Trachypachidae (false ground beetles)
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Bostrichiformia | Bostrichoidea | - Bostrichidae (auger beetles)
- Dermestidae (skin beetles)
- Endecatomidae
- Jacobsoniidae (Jacobson's beetles)
- Nosodendridae (wounded-tree beetles)
- Ptiniidae (furniture beetles, death watch beetles, spider beetles)
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Derodontoidea | - Derodontidae (tooth-necked fungus beetles)
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Cucujiformia | Chrysomeloidea | |
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Cleroidea | |
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Coccinelloidea | |
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Cucujoidea | |
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Curculionoidea (weevils) | - Anthribidae (fungus weevils)
- Attelabidae (leaf-rolling weevils)
- Belidae (primitive weevils)
- Brentidae (straight snout weevils, New York weevil)
- Caridae
- Curculionidae (true weevils, bark beetles, ambrosia beetles)
- Nemonychidae (pine flower weevils)
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Lymexyloidea | - Lymexylidae (ship-timber beetles)
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Tenebrionoidea | - Aderidae (ant-like leaf beetles)
- Anthicidae (ant-like flower beetles)
- Archeocrypticidae (cryptic fungus beetles)
- Boridae (conifer bark beetles)
- Chalcodryidae
- Ciidae (minute tree-fungus beetles)
- Melandryidae (false darkling beetles)
- Meloidae (blister beetles)
- Mordellidae (tumbling flower beetles)
- Mycetophagidae (hairy fungus beetles)
- Mycteridae (palm and flower beetles)
- Oedemeridae (false blister beetle)
- Perimylopidae, or Promecheilidae
- Prostomidae (jugular-horned beetles)
- Pterogeniidae
- Pyrochroidae (fire-coloured beetles)
- Pythidae (dead log bark beetles)
- Ripiphoridae (wedge-shaped beetles)
- Salpingidae (narrow-waisted bark beetles)
- Scraptiidae (false flower beetles)
- Stenotrachelidae (false longhorn beetles)
- Synchroidae (synchroa bark beetles)
- Tenebrionidae (darkling beetles)
- Tetratomidae (polypore fungus beetles)
- Trictenotomidae
- Ulodidae
- Zopheridae (ironclad beetles, cylindrical bark beetles)
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Elateriformia | Buprestoidea | - Buprestidae (jewel beetles, or metallic wood-boring beetles)
- Schizopodidae
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Byrrhoidea | - Byrrhidae (pill beetles)
- Callirhipidae (cedar beetles)
- Chelonariidae (turtle beetles)
- Cneoglossidae
- Dryopidae (long-toed water beetles)
- Elmidae (riffle beetles)
- Eulichadidae (forest stream beetles)
- Heteroceridae (variegated mud-loving beetles)
- Limnichidae (minute mud beetles)
- Lutrochidae (travertine beetles)
- Psephenidae (water-penny beetles)
- Ptilodactylidae
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Dascilloidea | - Dascillidae (soft bodied plant beetles)
- Rhipiceridae (cicada beetle, cicada parasite beetles)
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Elateroidea | - Artematopodidae (soft-bodied plant beetles)
- Brachypsectridae (Texas beetles)
- Cantharidae (soldier beetles)
- Cerophytidae (rare click beetles)
- Elateridae (click beetles)
- Eucnemidae (false click beetles)
- Jurasaidae
- Lampyridae (fireflies)
- Lycidae (net-winged beetles)
- Omethidae (false fireflies, long-lipped beetles)
- Phengodidae (glowworm beetles)
- Rhagophthalmidae
- Sinopyrophoridae
- Throscidae (false metallic wood-boring beetles)
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Rhinorhipoidea | - Rhinorhipidae (Rhinorhipus tamborinensis)
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Scirtoidea | |
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Scarabaeiformia | Scarabaeoidea | - Belohinidae (Belohina inexpectata)
- Bolboceratidae
- Diphyllostomatidae (false stag beetles)
- Geotrupidae (dor beetles)
- Glaphyridae (bumble bee scarab beetles)
- Glaresidae (enigmatic scarab beetles)
- Hybosoridae (scavenger scarab beetles)
- Lucanidae (stag beetles)
- Ochodaeidae (sand-loving scarab beetles)
- Passalidae (betsy beetles)
- Pleocomidae (rain beetles)
- Scarabaeidae (scarabs)
- Trogidae (hide beetles)
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Staphyliniformia | |
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