Yasuda Zenjirō
Yasuda Zenjirō | |
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Born | (1838-11-25)November 25, 1838 Toyama, Toyama |
Died | September 28, 1921(1921-09-28) (aged 82) Ōiso, Kanagawa |
Occupation | Entrepreneur |
Known for | Yasuda zaibatsu |
Yasuda Zenjirō (安田 善次郎, November 25, 1838 – September 28, 1921) was a Japanese entrepreneur from Toyama, Etchu Province (present-day Toyama Prefecture)[1] who founded the Yasuda zaibatsu (安田財閥). He donated the Yasuda Auditorium (安田講堂, Yasuda Kōdō) to the University of Tokyo. He was a maternal great-grandfather of Yoko Ono via his daughter Teruko, and adoptive son, Yasuda Zenzaburō (安田善三郎).
Early life
Yasuda Zenjirō was the son of a poor samurai and a member of the Yasuda clan in Etchu Province.[2]
Zenjirō moved to Edo at the age of 17 and began working in a money changing house.[3]
Career
In 1863, he started providing tax-farming services to the Tokugawa Shogunate. After the Meiji Restoration, he provided the same services to the new Meiji government. Yasuda profited from the delay between the collection of taxes and their forwarding to the government. He greatly magnified his wealth by buying up depreciated Meiji paper money that the government subsequently exchanged for gold.[4]
Yasuda helped establish the Third National Bank in 1876. Later, in 1880, Yasuda set up the Yasuda Bank (later the Fuji Bank, now Mizuho Financial Group) and the Yasuda Mutual Life Insurance Company (later merged to form Meiji Yasuda Life Insurance), which he organized into a zaibatsu holding company. In 1893, the Yasuda zaibatsu absorbed the Tokyo Fire Insurance Company (renamed the Yasuda Fire and Marine Insurance Company, now Sompo Japan Insurance).
Yasuda was among the best financiers that Japan had; however he was not adventurous and hardly expanded the business beyond finance. Most of the industrial houses associated with Yasuda were actually those that Asano Soichiro (the founder of the Asano zaibatsu) started, whom Yasuda trusted and provided loans to. More accurately, therefore, they belonged to Asano zaibatsu and were merely affiliated to Yasuda Zaibatsu.[5]
Philanthropy
In his later years, he donated the Yasuda Auditorium to the Tokyo Imperial University and the Hibiya Kokaido hall.[3] He owned a lot of land in Tokyo which was later used as Yasuda Garden, Yasuda Gakuen, and Doai Memorial Hospital.
Murder
Yasuda was assassinated in 1921 by nationalist lawyer Asahi Heigo because Yasuda had refused to make a financial donation to a worker's hotel.[6]
Legacy
Yasuda’s adopted son, Yasuda Zenzaburō (安田善三郎) is the maternal grandfather of artist and singer Yoko Ono, the widow of musician John Lennon. Allegedly, Lennon, on seeing Yasuda's photograph for the first time, said "That's me in a former life", to which Ono replied "Don't say that. He was assassinated." Lennon would later be murdered in 1980.[7]
References
- ^ "Yasuda Zenjirō". Encyclopædia Britannica. (subscription required)
- ^ Morikawa, Hidemasa. (2001). A History of Top Management in Japan: Managerial Enterprises and Family Enterprises, p. 61.
- ^ a b "Yasuda, Zenjiro". Portraits of Modern Japanese Historical Figures. National Diet Library. 2004.
- ^ Morck, Randall; Nakamura, Masao (2004-07-14). "A Frog in a Well Knows Nothing of the Ocean: A History of Corporate Ownership in Japan" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-11-20.
- ^ Odagiri, Hiroyuki (1996). Technology and Industrial Development in Japan. Oxford University Press. p. 76. ISBN 0-19-828802-6.
- ^ Price, Victoria (2011). Great Lives from History: The Incredibly Wealthy. Salem Press.
- ^ Norman, Philip (2008). John Lennon: The Life. HarperCollins. p. 762.
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with Lennon |
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- Live Peace in Toronto 1969 (with The Plastic Ono Band)
- Live Jam (with Plastic Ono Band/The Mothers of Invention)
- Onobox
- Walking on Thin Ice
- Yes, I'm a Witch
- Open Your Box
- Yes, I'm a Witch Too
- "Remember Love"
- "Don't Worry Kyoko (Mummy's Only Looking for a Hand in the Snow)"
- "Who Has Seen the Wind?"
- "Why"
- "Open Your Box"
- "Touch Me"
- "Mrs. Lennon" / "Midsummer New York"
- "Listen, the Snow Is Falling"
- "Sisters, O Sisters"
- "Now or Never" / "Move on Fast"
- "Death of Samantha" / "Yang Yang"
- "Woman Power"
- "Kiss Kiss Kiss"
- "Beautiful Boys"
- "Walking on Thin Ice"
- "Yes, I'm Your Angel"
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- "My Man"
- "Never Say Goodbye"
- "Hell in Paradise"
- "Open Your Box (remixes)"
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- "Yang Yang (remixes)"
- "Walking on Thin Ice (remixes)"
- "Hell in Paradise (remixes)"
- "Everyman... Everywoman... (remixes)"
- "You're the One (remixes)"
- "No, No, No (remixes)"
- "Give Peace a Chance (remixes)"
- "I'm Not Getting Enough (remixes)"
- "Give Me Something (remixes)"
- "Wouldnit (I'm a Star) (remixes)"
- "Move on Fast (remixes)"
- "Talking to the Universe (remixes)"
- "She Gets Down on Her Knees (remixes)"
- "I'm Moving On (remixes)"
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- "Angel"
- "Woman Power (remixes)"
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- Acorn (2013)
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- Ceiling Painting/Yes Painting (1966)
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- Wish Tree (c.1981; ongoing)
- Toshi Ichiyanagi (first husband)
- Anthony Cox (second husband)
- John Lennon (third husband)
- Sean Lennon (son)
- Yasuda Zenjirō (great-grandfather)
- Toronto Rock and Roll Revival
- Sweet Toronto
- John and Yoko: A Love Story
- John & Yoko: Above Us Only Sky
- Bagism
- Bed-in
- "Imagine"
- Nutopia
- Artists Against Fracking
- LennonOno Grant for Peace
- The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus
- Murder of John Lennon
- Imagine Peace Tower
- Courage Award for the Arts
- The Dakota
- Tittenhurst Park
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