KRT31

Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

KRT31

Identifiers

Aliases

KRT31, HA1, Ha-1, KRTHA1, hHa1, keratin 31

External IDs

OMIM: 601077; MGI: 1309991; HomoloGene: 74433; GeneCards: KRT31; OMA:KRT31 - orthologs

Gene location (Human)

Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)^[1]

Band	17q21.2	Start	41,393,721 bp^[1]
Band	17q21.2	End	41,397,608 bp^[1]

Gene location (Mouse)

Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)^[2]

Band	11 D\|11 63.37 cM	Start	99,914,460 bp^[2]
Band	11 D\|11 63.37 cM	End	99,920,694 bp^[2]

RNA expression pattern

Bgee

Human

Mouse (ortholog)

Top expressed in

cerebellum

cerebellar cortex

cerebellar hemisphere

right hemisphere of cerebellum

skin of abdomen

testicle

skin of leg

muscle of thigh

mucosa of esophagus

anterior cingulate cortex

Top expressed in

hair

filiform papilla

outer root sheath of hair follicle

ankle joint

embryo

cortex of hair

skin of back

skin of abdomen

dermis

More reference expression data

BioGPS


More reference expression data

Gene ontology
Molecular function	structural constituent of cytoskeleton protein binding structural molecule activity
Cellular component	extracellular exosome intermediate filament extracellular space cytosol
Biological process	epidermis development cytoskeleton organization keratinization cornification
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


3881


16671

Ensembl


ENSG00000094796 ENSG00000262993


ENSMUSG00000057723

UniProt


Q15323


Q61897

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_002277


NM_013570

RefSeq (protein)


NP_002268


NP_038598

Location (UCSC)

Chr 17: 41.39 – 41.4 Mb

Chr 11: 99.91 – 99.92 Mb

PubMed search

^[3]

^[4]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Keratin, type I cuticular Ha1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KRT31 gene.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. As a type I hair keratin, it is an acidic protein which heterodimerizes with type II keratins to form hair and nails. The type I hair keratins are clustered in a region of chromosome 17q12-q21 and have the same direction of transcription.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ENSG00000262993 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000094796, ENSG00000262993 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000057723 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Fink P, Rogers MA, Korge B, Winter H, Schweizer J (Oct 1995). "A cDNA encoding the human type I hair keratin hHal". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1264 (1): 12–4. doi:10.1016/0167-4781(95)00122-w. PMID 7578244.
^ Schweizer J, Bowden PE, Coulombe PA, Langbein L, Lane EB, Magin TM, Maltais L, Omary MB, Parry DA, Rogers MA, Wright MW (Jul 2006). "New consensus nomenclature for mammalian keratins". The Journal of Cell Biology. 174 (2): 169–74. doi:10.1083/jcb.200603161. PMC 2064177. PMID 16831889.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: KRT31 keratin 31".

Yu J, Yu DW, Checkla DM, Freedberg IM, Bertolino AP (Jul 1993). "Human hair keratins". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 101 (1 Suppl): 56S–59S. doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12362635 (inactive 2024-04-03). PMID 7686952.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)
Dhouailly D, Xu C, Manabe M, Schermer A, Sun TT (Mar 1989). "Expression of hair-related keratins in a soft epithelium: subpopulations of human and mouse dorsal tongue keratinocytes express keratin markers for hair-, skin- and esophageal-types of differentiation". Experimental Cell Research. 181 (1): 141–58. doi:10.1016/0014-4827(89)90189-4. PMID 2465162.
Bowden PE, Hainey S, Parker G, Hodgins MB (Jul 1994). "Sequence and expression of human hair keratin genes". Journal of Dermatological Science. 7 Suppl: S152-63. doi:10.1016/0923-1811(94)90046-9. PMID 7528047.
Winter H, Hofmann I, Langbein L, Rogers MA, Schweizer J (Dec 1997). "A splice site mutation in the gene of the human type I hair keratin hHa1 results in the expression of a tailless keratin isoform". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (51): 32345–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.51.32345. PMID 9405442.
Bowden PE, Hainey SD, Parker G, Jones DO, Zimonjic D, Popescu N, Hodgins MB (Feb 1998). "Characterization and chromosomal localization of human hair-specific keratin genes and comparative expression during the hair growth cycle". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 110 (2): 158–64. doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00097.x. PMID 9457912.
Rogers MA, Winter H, Wolf C, Heck M, Schweizer J (Oct 1998). "Characterization of a 190-kilobase pair domain of human type I hair keratin genes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 273 (41): 26683–91. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.41.26683. PMID 9756910.
Langbein L, Rogers MA, Winter H, Praetzel S, Beckhaus U, Rackwitz HR, Schweizer J (Jul 1999). "The catalog of human hair keratins. I. Expression of the nine type I members in the hair follicle". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (28): 19874–84. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.28.19874. PMID 10391933.
Cribier B, Peltre B, Grosshans E, Langbein L, Schweizer J (May 2004). "On the regulation of hair keratin expression: lessons from studies in pilomatricomas". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 122 (5): 1078–83. doi:10.1111/j.0022-202X.2004.22513.x. PMID 15140206.
Lim J, Hao T, Shaw C, Patel AJ, Szabó G, Rual JF, Fisk CJ, Li N, Smolyar A, Hill DE, Barabási AL, Vidal M, Zoghbi HY (May 2006). "A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration". Cell. 125 (4): 801–14. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.03.032. PMID 16713569. S2CID 13709685.
Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L, Li M, Taylor R, Dharsee M, Ho Y, Heilbut A, Moore L, Zhang S, Ornatsky O, Bukhman YV, Ethier M, Sheng Y, Vasilescu J, Abu-Farha M, Lambert JP, Duewel HS, Stewart II, Kuehl B, Hogue K, Colwill K, Gladwish K, Muskat B, Kinach R, Adams SL, Moran MF, Morin GB, Topaloglou T, Figeys D (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.

Proteins of the cytoskeleton

Human

Microfilaments
and ABPs

Myofilament

Actins	A1 A2 B C1 G1 G2
Myosins	I MYO1A MYO1B MYO1C MYO1D MYO1E MYO1F MYO1G MYO1H) II MYH1 MYH2 MYH3 MYH4 MYH6 MYH7 MYH7B MYH8 MYH9 MYH10 MYH11 MYH13 MYH14 MYH15 MYH16 III MYO3A MYO3B V MYO5A MYO5B MYO5C VI MYO6 VII MYO7A MYO7B IX MYO9A MYO9B X MYO10 XV MYO15A XVIII MYO18A MYO18B LC MYL1 MYL2 MYL3 MYL4 MYL5 MYL6 MYL6B MYL7 MYL9 MYLIP MYLK MYLK2 MYLL1
Other	Tropomodulin 1 2 3 4 Troponin T 1 2 3 C 1 2 I 1 2 3 Tropomyosin 1 2 3 4 Actinin 1 2 3 4 Arp2/3 complex actin depolymerizing factors Cofilin 1 2 Destrin Gelsolin Profilin 1 2 Titin

Other

Intermediate
filaments

Type 1/2
(Keratin,
Cytokeratin)

Epithelial keratins (soft alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 20 chromosome 12 18 none 21 type II/chromosome 12 1 2A 3 4 5 6A 6B 6C 7 8
Hair keratins (hard alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 31 32 33A 33B 34 35 36 37 38 type II/chromosome 12 81 82 83 84 85 86
Ungrouped alpha	chromosome 17 23 24 25 26 27 28 39 40 chromosome 12 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Not alpha	Beta-keratin

Type 3

Type 4

Type 5

Microtubules
and MAPs

Tubulins	TUBA1A TUBA1B TUBA1C TUBA3C TUBA3D TUBA3E TUBA4A TUBA8 TUBB TUBB1 TUBB2A TUBB2B TUBB2C TUBB3 TUBB4 TUBB4Q TUBB6 TUBB8 TUBG1 TUBG2 TUBGCP2 TUBGCP3 TUBGCP4 TUBGCP5 TUBGCP6 TUBD1 TUBE1
MAPs	EB1 EB2 EB3 MAP1A MAP1B MAP2 MAP4
Kinesins	KIF1A KIF1B KIF2A KIF2C KIF3B KIF3C KIF4A KIF4B KIF5A KIF5B KIF5C KIF6 KIF7 KIF9 KIF11 KIF12 KIF13A KIF13B KIF14 KIF15 KIF16B KIF17 KIF18A KIF18B KIF19 KIF20A KIF20B KIF21A KIF21B KIF22 KIF23 KIF24 KIF25 KIF26A KIF26B KIF27 KIFC1 KIFC2 KIFC3
Dyneins	axonemal: DNAH1 DNAH2 DNAH3 DNAH5 DNAH6 DNAH7 DNAH8 DNAH9 DNAH10 DNAH11 DNAH12 DNAH13 DNAH14 DNAH17 DNAI1 DNAI2 DNALI1 DNAL1 DNAL4 cytoplasmic: DYNC1H1 DYNC2H1 DYNC1I1 DYNC1I2 DYNC1LI1 DYNC1LI2 DYNC2LI1 DYNLL1 DYNLL2 DYNLRB1 DYNLRB2 DYNLT1 DYNLT3
Microtubule organising proteins	CAMSAP1 CAMSAP2 CAMSAP3 Centrin 1 Centrin 2 Centrin 3 PCM1
Microtubule severing proteins	Katanin Spastin
Other	Tau protein Dynactin DCTN1 Stathmin Tektin TEKT1 TEKT2 TEKT3 TEKT4 TEKT5 Dynamin DNM1 DNM2 DNM3