Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
MKX |
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Identifiers |
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Aliases | MKX, C10orf48, IFRX, IRXL1, mohawk homeobox |
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External IDs | OMIM: 601332; MGI: 2687286; HomoloGene: 72239; GeneCards: MKX; OMA:MKX - orthologs |
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Gene location (Human) |
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| Chr. | Chromosome 10 (human)[1] |
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| Band | 10p12.1 | Start | 27,672,874 bp[1] |
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End | 27,746,060 bp[1] |
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Gene location (Mouse) |
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| Chr. | Chromosome 18 (mouse)[2] |
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| Band | 18 A1|18 4.53 cM | Start | 6,934,518 bp[2] |
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End | 7,004,780 bp[2] |
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RNA expression pattern |
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Bgee | Human | Mouse (ortholog) |
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Top expressed in | - Achilles tendon
- endothelial cell
- right coronary artery
- prostate
- popliteal artery
- tibial arteries
- testicle
- stromal cell of endometrium
- anterior pituitary
- left coronary artery
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| Top expressed in | - hand
- cumulus cell
- somite
- foot
- genital tubercle
- lacrimal gland
- female urethra
- tail of embryo
- desmocranium
- calvaria
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| More reference expression data |
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BioGPS | |
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Gene ontology |
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Molecular function | - sequence-specific DNA binding
- DNA binding
- DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
| Cellular component | | Biological process | - regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
- muscle organ development
- multicellular organism development
- regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
| Sources:Amigo / QuickGO |
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Orthologs |
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Species | Human | Mouse |
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Entrez | | |
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Ensembl | | |
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UniProt | | |
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RefSeq (mRNA) | | |
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RefSeq (protein) | | |
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Location (UCSC) | Chr 10: 27.67 – 27.75 Mb | Chr 18: 6.93 – 7 Mb |
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PubMed search | [3] | [4] |
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Wikidata |
View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
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Homeobox protein Mohawk, also known as iroquois homeobox protein-like 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MKX (mohawk homeobox) gene.[5] MKX is a member of an Iroquois (IRX) family-related class of 'three-amino acid loop extension' (TALE) atypical homeobox proteins characterized by 3 additional amino acids in the loop region between helix I and helix II of the homeodomain.[5][6]
Function
MKX is a transcription factor that regulates tendon differentiation during embryological development. Knocking out this gene in mouse embryos results in them developing hypoplastic tendons containing less type I collagen.[7] MKX binds directly to the promoter of MyoD and represses its expression, negatively regulating muscle differentiation.[8]
Expression of MKX is maintained in adult tendon tissues, decreasing as a result of ageing or osteoarthritis. Collagen fibres in tendons become more dense and thick following mechanical stimulation as a result of exercise,[9] and MKX is essential in this mechanosensory process.[10]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000150051 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000061013 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: mohawk homeobox".
- ^ Anderson DM, Arredondo J, Hahn K, Valente G, Martin JF, Wilson-Rawls J, Rawls A (March 2006). "Mohawk is a novel homeobox gene expressed in the developing mouse embryo". Developmental Dynamics. 235 (3): 792–801. doi:10.1002/dvdy.20671. PMID 16408284. S2CID 29018840.
- ^ Ito Y, Toriuchi N, Yoshitaka T, Ueno-Kudoh H, Sato T, Yokoyama S, Nishida K, Akimoto T, Takahashi M, Miyaki S, Asahara H (June 2010). "The Mohawk homeobox gene is a critical regulator of tendon differentiation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (23): 10538–42. Bibcode:2010PNAS..10710538I. doi:10.1073/pnas.1000525107. PMC 2890854. PMID 20498044.
- ^ Chuang HN, Hsiao KM, Chang HY, Wu CC, Pan H (July 2014). "The homeobox transcription factor Irxl1 negatively regulates MyoD expression and myoblast differentiation". The FEBS Journal. 281 (13): 2990–3003. doi:10.1111/febs.12837. PMID 24814716. S2CID 19733342.
- ^ Nakahara H, Hasegawa A, Otabe K, Ayabe F, Matsukawa T, Onizuka N, Ito Y, Ozaki T, Lotz MK, Asahara H (August 2013). "Transcription factor Mohawk and the pathogenesis of human anterior cruciate ligament degradation". Arthritis and Rheumatism. 65 (8): 2081–9. doi:10.1002/art.38020. PMC 3840305. PMID 23686683.
- ^ Kayama T, Mori M, Ito Y, Matsushima T, Nakamichi R, Suzuki H, Ichinose S, Saito M, Marumo K, Asahara H (April 2016). "Gtf2ird1-Dependent Mohawk Expression Regulates Mechanosensing Properties of the Tendon". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 36 (8): 1297–309. doi:10.1128/MCB.00950-15. PMC 4836271. PMID 26884464.
Further reading
- Robertson NG, Khetarpal U, Gutiérrez-Espeleta GA, Bieber FR, Morton CC (September 1994). "Isolation of novel and known genes from a human fetal cochlear cDNA library using subtractive hybridization and differential screening". Genomics. 23 (1): 42–50. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1457. PMID 7829101.
- Weinmann A, Galle PR, Teufel A (September 2005). "In silico characterization of an Iroquois family-related homeodomain protein". International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 16 (3): 443–8. doi:10.3892/ijmm.16.3.443. PMID 16077953.
- Anderson DM, Arredondo J, Hahn K, Valente G, Martin JF, Wilson-Rawls J, Rawls A (March 2006). "Mohawk is a novel homeobox gene expressed in the developing mouse embryo". Developmental Dynamics. 235 (3): 792–801. doi:10.1002/dvdy.20671. PMID 16408284. S2CID 29018840.
- Barbe L, Lundberg E, Oksvold P, Stenius A, Lewin E, Björling E, Asplund A, Pontén F, Brismar H, Uhlén M, Andersson-Svahn H (March 2008). "Toward a confocal subcellular atlas of the human proteome". Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. 7 (3): 499–508. doi:10.1074/mcp.M700325-MCP200. PMID 18029348.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
(1) Basic domains |
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(1.1) Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) | |
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(1.2) Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) | Group A | |
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Group B | |
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Group C bHLH-PAS | |
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Group D | |
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Group E | |
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Group F bHLH-COE | |
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(1.3) bHLH-ZIP | |
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(1.4) NF-1 | |
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(1.5) RF-X | |
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(1.6) Basic helix-span-helix (bHSH) | |
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(2) Zinc finger DNA-binding domains |
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(2.1) Nuclear receptor (Cys4) | subfamily 1 | |
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subfamily 2 | |
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subfamily 3 | |
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subfamily 4 | |
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subfamily 5 | |
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subfamily 6 | |
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subfamily 0 | |
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(2.2) Other Cys4 | |
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(2.3) Cys2His2 | |
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(2.4) Cys6 | |
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(2.5) Alternating composition | |
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(2.6) WRKY | |
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(4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts |
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(0) Other transcription factors |
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see also transcription factor/coregulator deficiencies |
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